Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Viadeo Send to a friend Favourites Gmail Hotmail Y! Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Some of the secular cantatas are based on music Bach had composed at an earlier date (e.g. BWV 66a, 134a, Anh. von Dieskau) (BWV 212) Year written: 1742 Text author: Picander Cantatas are meant for worship, not the concert stage. Most of the secular cantatas are named after the first words of the libretto (incipit): The New Bach Edition groups the secular cantatas in the last seven volumes of Series I. NBA Volume 35 – Festmusiken für die Fürstenhäuser von Weimar, Weißenfels und Köthen:[23], NBA Volume 36 – Festmusiken für das Kurfürstlich-Sächsische Haus I:[25], NBA Volume 37 – Festmusiken für das Kurfürstlich-Sächsische Haus II:[27], NBA Volume 38 – Festmusiken zu Leipziger Universitätsfeiern:[29], NBA Volume 39 – Festmusiken für Leipziger Rats- und Schulfeiern / Huldigungsmusiken für Adelige und Bürger:[31], NBA Volume 40 – Hochzeitskantaten und Weltliche Kantaten verschiedener Bestimmung:[33], NBA Volume 41, Varia: Kantaten, Quodlibet, Einzelsätze, Bearbeitungen, contains, apart from various pieces of sacred vocal music and the incomplete Quodlibet, Bach's two Italian cantatas:[35], Complete recordings of the secular cantatas include those by Peter Schreier[36] and Helmuth Rilling. Other secular cantatas are in the range of the church cantatas (BWV 1–200), most of them with an "a", "b" or "c" index added to the number of a church cantata while the cantatas share the same music. During his early Leipzig years (1723–25) he developed the so-called chorale cantata, which begins with an elaborate choral fantasy on the first stanza of a hymn and closes with a simple harmonization of the last stanza in which the congregation presumably joined. Both sacred and secular vocal works survive but have been very little known beyond libraries. The Coffee Cantata. Bach’s Sacred Cantatas Within the output of certain composers there are seminal groups of works whose sheer volume has ensured for them neglect out of all proportion to their value. Giacomo Carissimi standardized the form as a short drama in verse consisting of two or more arias with their preceding recitatives. No more notable example exists than that of the cantatas of J.S. Born in Venice, Cristofaro Caresana (c.1640-1709) made his career in Naples as a singer, organist, choirmaster and composer. A few years later, the cantata was performed again, in a modified version, for his employer Ernest Augustus I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. There were precursors of the cantata in earlier strophic arias (in which the melody for each strophe, or stanza, was varied over a constant bass) and such earlier vocal works of chamber proportion as the late madrigals of Claudio Monteverdi. Congratulation cantatas included in the volume: This page was last edited on 9 January 2021, at 09:58. Winners in Music. “Which shaped which?” There’s a means by which one can encounter faith and spirituality through music. Up to this point Bach's secular cantatas are generally in the Serenata format, lighthearted music with allegorical characters conversing about the excellence of the employer, and expressing their best wishes.[13]. Bach wrote sacred cantatas for funerals and weddings: he also wrote a few secular works for such occasions. Cantata, (from Italian cantare, “to sing”), originally, a musical composition intended to be sung, as opposed to a sonata, a composition played instrumentally; now, loosely, any work for voices and instruments. The French cantatas were usually to French texts, and in Germany, where the cantata lost its aristocratic connotations, they were in German. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Mendelssohn even combined the cantata with the symphony in the so-called symphony-cantata Lobgesang (1840; Hymn of Praise), whereas the 20th-century English composer Benjamin Britten gave the title Spring Symphony (1949) to a work that is actually a cantata. [7], Extant secular cantatas are published in the New Bach Edition (Neue Bach-Ausgabe, NBA), Series I, volumes 35 to 40, with the two Italian cantatas included in volume 41. The 1st work has a text by Johann Christian Gottsched. Alfred Wallenstein. [14] Bach's earliest known secular cantata on a libretto by Picander dates from 1725. Collection of the best musical highlights from Johann Sebastian Bach' s secular cantatas. secular cantata composer known for unreqruited love cantata. In the Bach Compendium (BC), the secular cantatas are part of series G. That series also includes two cantatas known from very scant sources (Nos. Buy 2 CDs online. The cantata, as developed in northern Germany in the 17th century, often relied only upon soloists and a small group of instruments, although... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Harmonia Mundi: HMM931544.45. 8 are examples of such cantatas, the oldest of which were composed on a libretto by Christian Friedrich Hunold. However, they have profound significance in our lives as we seem to divide things in our lives in these broad categories. Share: Twitter Facebook Email. How has music shaped your spiritual journey and your views on music and spirituality? Out of what was originally a much larger number only a little more than twenty secular cantatas have … 11–12). Loosely defined today, a cantata is a vocal work with multiple movements and instrumental accompaniment; it can be based on either a secular or sacred subject. Bach. Alessandro Scarlatti was the major figure of the last main group of Italian cantata composers. The Jury. The intermediate stanzas are paraphrased in the texts of recitatives and arias for one or more vocal soloists, and the various movements were interwoven with the liturgical service. Previously, Lutheran church music had been based largely on 12th-century music with biblical texts. Akademie für Alte Musik Berlin, RIAS Kammerchor adamhearn. Secular cantatas were also common in Bach’s day (e.g., his Coffee and Peasant cantatas) and afterward. RECOMMENDED MUSIC: Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 by J.S. [11][12] The oldest extant secular cantata is from his Weimar period where he composed the Hunting Cantata (BWV 208, first version) for the birthday of Christian, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels on 23 February 1713. Apart from his hundreds of church cantatas, Johann Sebastian Bach wrote secular cantatas in Weimar, Köthen and Leipzig, for instance for members of the Royal-Polish and Prince-electoral Saxonian family (e.g. Amore traditore). The great Viennese composers wrote cantatas, usually for a particular event—e.g., Mozart’s Die Maurerfreude (Masonic Joy)—but the form gradually declined. Broadly speaking, there can be both good and bad things in the category of secular, while all things godly or are related with religion are considered to be good only. Sacred cantatas for the liturgy or other occasions were not only composed by Bach but also by Dieterich Buxtehude, Christoph Graupner, Gottfried Heinrich Stölzel and Georg Philipp Telemann, to name a few. Cantatas were in great demand for the services of the Lutheran church. His "Coffee Cantata," composed in 1732, is a lighthearted vocal argument between a father and his headstrong daughter. His collegium musicum in Leipzig was the principal beneficiary of Bach’s secular music composition, including, in all likelihood, this Coffee Cantata. [2] The text of these cantatas was occasionally in dialect (e.g. Bach; Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4 by J.S. In a sense it is a pity that they have been lumped under the (unhistoric) generic title of 'cantatas' because so many of them stand well apart from the church works. Much of the choral music familiar to contemporary audiences is on a grander scale. They provided German Protestant composers with cycles of texts for sacred cantatas based on the operatic aria form. Bach wrote or re-staged at least 36 secular cantatas in the last 25 years of his life, and around half of these were on librettos by Picander. As the team completed recording the church cantatas in 2013, this means that BCJ’s performances of all of Bach’s extant cantatas – sacred and secular – are now available on disc. Performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra and published by G. Schirmer, Inc., New York. In its early form, cantatas referred to a music piece that is meant to be sung. Barbara Strozzi. Coffee Cantata). This is a sortable list of the Bach cantatas, the cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach. Cantata BWV 211 During his time in Leipzig, Bach was responsible not only for music for the church, but for a good deal of music for the community. The libretto was written by Salomon Franck. only secular cantata made by Bach. a metrical narrative set to recitative or alternate recitative and air, usually for a single voice accompanied by one or more instruments. The word cantata is best known to many through the works of J.S. and _Dramma per musica_ (the actual title of many of his secular cantatas) suggest that Bach had a better sense of theatre, and timing and dramatic characterisation than Beethoven. Even for these cantatas the music can sometimes be reconstructed, based on the church cantatas that were derived from them. Lutheran ministers, notably Erdmann Neumeister, encouraged the absorption of secular music into the church service. Up to the late 17th century the cantata was predominantly a secular form, but the church cantata, which included choral movements ranging from simple chorale harmonizations to complex, extended structures, was a major feature of Lutheran music in early 18th-century Germany. Bach's almost 200 extant cantatas are among his important vocal compositions. 6, Anh. A Free Song, by William Schuman. JS Bach: Secular Cantatas, BWV201, 205 & 21. Bach THE MASS Masses--settings of the parts of the traditional Catholic ordinary--are also an important part of Baroque music, although much less so than in the Renaissance. Secular cantatas tended for the most part to rely on solo voices, and when the chorus does make its appearance it sometimes consists only of three-part writing, as in Purcell’s setting of Abraham Cowley’s poem “If ever I more riches did desire.” In his Leipzig period part of Bach's secular cantata production is no longer in the Serenata format, but rather dramma per musica, implying a dramatic plot beyond mythological figures congratulating or paying homage to the person in whose honour the cantata was written. [4] Many of the secular cantatas were lost, but for some of these the text and the occasion are known, for instance when Picander later published their libretto (e.g. Omissions? Der Streit zwischen Phoebus und Pan),[6] others were almost miniature buffo operas (e.g. Share. Albums. The precise nature of the two styles varied, both finally taking on characteristics of the recitative-aria combination of contemporary opera. The secular cantatas are a goldmine of musical and musicological fascinations and it is well worth the effort of getting to know them. The term "cantata" came to be applied almost exclusively to choral works, as distinguished from solo vocal music. Emmanuel Music continues to perform cycles of large-scale and chamber works by Bach, Handel, Mozart, Schubert, Brahms, Debussy, Haydn, Schoenberg, Weill, Wolf, Medelssohn, and Schumann under Artistic Director Ryan Turner. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. 49 and 52), insufficient to determine whether they were intended as sacred or secular. In more than 200 church cantatas written by J.S. This is also reflected in the transmission of the sources: only two of these Cantatas, BWV 173a (Durchlauchť ster Leopold) and BWV 134a (Die Zeit , die Tag und Jahre machi), have survived in sources including both the text and music, and of the six cantatas (BWV 66a, BWV 184a, BWV 194a, and BWV Anh. Sacred and secular are two words that are generally not talked about in daily lives. Such composers as Alessandro Stradella, Mario Savioni, Giovanni Legrenzi, and their students made the cantata a regular feature of aristocratic musical life in the courts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe. Bach, the body of works that stands at the very heart of his output. performances of unchanged secular cantatas. Other secular cantatas are in the range of the church cantatas (BWV 1–200), most of them … Lass, Fürstin, lass noch einen Strahl : BWV 198 ; Der Friede sei mit dir : BWV 158 Catalog Record Only The 1st work is a secular cantata; the 2nd is sacred. The cantata was introduced into France by one of Carissimi’s students, Marc-Antoine…, …subsequent development of the German cantata, which was frequently based on a chorale and, like the vocal-instrumental concerto, included vocal soloists, choir, and instruments.…. 7, 184a, 173a and Anh. The cantata, as developed in northern Germany in the 17th century, often relied only upon soloists and a small group of instruments, although the role of the chorus gradually became more important. Celebratory or secular cantatas work well in concert. Updates? However, as with any musical form, the cantata has evolved through the years. [9], In his Köthen period, Bach wrote congratulatory cantatas for his new employer, Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, usually on the Prince's birthday, or for New Year. [5] Some of the secular cantatas had a plot carried by mythological figures of Greek antiquity (e.g. In early 19th-century cantatas the chorus is the vehicle for music more lyric and songlike than in oratorio, not excluding the possibility of a brilliant climax in a fugue as in Ludwig van Beethoven's Der glorreiche Augenblick, Carl Maria von Weber's Jubel-Kantate, and Felix Mendelssohn's Die erste Walpurgisnacht. Occasions for Bach's secular cantatas written in Leipzig included Birthdays and name days for successive prince-electors of Saxony and other rulers, and their relatives, of principalities and duchies in Saxony, and similar occasions for academics of the university of Leipzig. BWV Anh. Music 101 Study Guide #2 - Baroque Period 40 Terms. Peasant Cantata)[3] or in Italian (e.g. BWV 208a Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd! Peter Schreier's box set of the complete secular cantatas (Brilliant Classics, 2000 release at Discogs), Peter Schreier's box set of the complete secular cantatas (Brilliant Classics, 2006 release at Amazon), Helmut Rilling's recordings of Bach's secular cantatas at prestoclassical, Helmut Rilling's box set of the complete secular cantatas at arkivmusic, List of Bach's secular cantatas at classical.net, "Bach's Secular Cantata Texts" by Ian F. Finlay in, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_secular_cantatas_by_Johann_Sebastian_Bach&oldid=999272571, Secular cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach, Lists of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Homage (Leipzig, city of science and commerce), Congratulation on acquiring a manor (Hennicke), Wedding (G. E. Stahl jr. x J. E. Schrader), Congratulation on acquiring a manor (von Dieskau), Incomplete (not always grouped with cantatas), Extant (not necessarily grouped with cantatas), Extant (sacred; attribution to Bach doubtful), BWV deest: Serenade (7 October 1739, lost: mentioned in contemporary newspapers). The greatest [37] Also Masaaki Suzuki devoted a series of recordings to the secular cantatas. However, thi… It is sortable by the cantata number which equals the number in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis, by title, by occasion during the liturgical year, the year of composition and date of … The word cantata first appeared in the Italian composer Alessandro Grandi’s Cantade et arie a voce sola (Cantatas and Arias for Solo Voice; published 1620–29). Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/art/cantata-music. The BWV numbers assigned to the secular cantatas are random with regard to chronology and occasion. We do not consciously divide our world into sacred and secular, but this dichotomy is a result of centuries of religious thinking and teachings. The secular cantatas were written (both the texts and the music) for special events in the family, social, academic or political calendar - a wedding, a birthday celebration, an academic ceremony or a … Luigi Rossi, Pietro Antonio Cesti, and especially Giacomo Carissimi were prominent 17th-century cantata composers. Chalmers Clifton (Chair) Quincy Porter. Bach,…, …Baroque successor to the madrigal—the cantata—which originated as a secular form for solo voice with instrumental accompaniment. The earliest surviving secular cantata is the ‘Hunt’ Cantata, composed in 1713 in Weimar for the birthday of Duke Christian of Sachsen-Weißenfels. The early cantatas after Grandi were written by Italian composers, most in secular style (cantata da camera, “chamber cantata”), but some in sacred manner (cantata da chiesa, “church cantata”) and all in the vernacular language, Italian. Hunting Cantata). Anton Bruckner composed several Name-day cantatas, a Festive Cantataand two secula… With the influx of Neumeister’s more secularized form, the church music was transformed by Italian operatic style. 2. More options. I, that is the appendix of the lost works. Mail Delicous MySpace. A cantata is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir. Secular cantatas of love and tragedy by a Neapolitan precursor of Pergolesi, in world premiere recordings. The early 18th century saw a similar trend in French music, notably in the works of Louis Clérambault, Jean-Baptiste Morin, and Jean-Philippe Rameau. 201 to 216a contains mostly extant secular cantatas. A secular wedding cantata, BWV 202, an Italian cantata (BWV 203), and the secular model for the Störmthal cantata BWV 194 probably originated around the same period. In the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV) the range of Nos. ... Music App : Final Exam Review (Pt 1 & Pt 2) 100 Terms. Stanford Libraries' official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more. The same applies for the secular cantata precursors of the Easter Oratorio. composed secular cantatas as well. Emmanuel Music is a Boston-based ensemble of singers and instrumentalists founded in 1970 by Craig Smith to perform the complete sacred cantatas of J.S. Johann Hasse, a German pupil of Scarlatti, took the chamber cantata to Dresden; and George Frideric Handel, among others, wrote cantatas in the Italian manner. Some episodes in Bach's Passions, cantatas (especially dialogical works -- the Soul and Jesus, Fear and Hope, etc.) The meaning of the term changed over time, from the simple single voice madrigal of the early seventeenth century, to the multi-voice “cantata da camera” and the “cantata da chiesa” of the later part of that century, from the more substantial dramatic forms of the eighteenth century to the usually sacred-texted ninete… [8] The Bach Digital website lists 50 secular cantatas by Bach. Other secular cantatas are listed in BWV Anh. The Duke was a passionate huntsman and Bach’s work was performed during a birthday banquet held at the Prince’s hunting lodge. [38], Arrangement for Celesta, Harp, Vibe and Marimba by Kevin MacLeod (original aria for soprano, two recorders and, Music for feasts at the courts of Weimar, Weißenfels and Köthen, Music celebrating the Saxonian prince-electoral family, Music for celebrations at the Leipzig University, For Leipzig's city council and school; Celebrations of noblemen and civilians, Extant versions, reconstructions and recordings, Bach's secular cantatas in BWV order, each followed by a link to the, Ernest Augustus I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750): New Edition of the Complete Works – Series I: Cantatas. His cantata secular music and Peasant cantatas ) and afterward Less than half of Bach 's almost 200 extant and. A Britannica Membership, https: //www.britannica.com/art/cantata-music the years Pt 2 ) 100 Terms extant and! Love and tragedy by a Neapolitan precursor of Pergolesi, in world premiere recordings instruments. 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